A Jew called Gerstl is mentioned in a document in 1529. Kobersdorf was in the 18th century one of the “Seven Communities” in the region of Burgenland. In 1828 Kobersdorf had 1519 inhabitants, of them 776 were Jewish, 444 Catholic and 328 Protestant. The number of Jews fell during the following decades. In 1869, there were 334 Jews living in Kobersdorf. In 1887, Mosche ben David Zwi Riegler founded a communal saving bank for all inhabitants. In 1895, the Jewish street was severely damaged by a flood after which many families left. In 1932, the local Jewish population numbered 174 members.
The Kultusgemeinde Kobersdorf (Jewish community organization) included Kobersdorf, Oberpetersdorf, Oberrabnitz, Weppersdorf, Kaisersdorf, Weingraben, Draßmarkt, Karl, Lindgraben, St. Martin and Neudorf. The community maintained several communal institutions: a synagogue, a prayer house that was established in 1860, a mikvah (Jewish ritual bath), a cemetery, and a primary school. There was also a girls’ society Mädchenverein.
After the annexation of Austria in 1938, the Jews were expelled from Kobersdorf within a few months. Most of them found their way to Vienna from where they tried to emigrate. After the Second World War three Jews returned to Kobersdorf.